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JAEA Reports

Investigation on future nuclear power reactors and fuel cycle systems

Otaki, Kiyoshi*; Tanaka, Yoji*; Katsurai, Kiyomichi*; Aoki, Kazuo*

JAERI-Review 2005-035, 79 Pages, 2005/09

JAERI-Review-2005-035.pdf:4.57MB

In order to collect technical information for the assessment on future nuclear power reactors and fuel cycle systems in Japan, investigation has been made on the characteristics and performance of future reactor options including reduced moderation water reactors (RMWRs) and their fuel cycle systems since the fiscal year 1998. The subjects of investigation are divided into three categories; breeder reactors and their fuel cycle, alternative to sodium-cooled FBR systems,plutonium recycling, spent fuel reprocessing and waste disposal. This report is a summary of the investigation carried out so far.

Journal Articles

Study on safety evaluation for nuclear fuel cycle facility under fire accident conditions

Tashiro, Shinsuke; Abe, Hitoshi; Morita, Yasuji

JAERI-Conf 2005-007, p.348 - 350, 2005/08

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAERI-Conf-2005-007.pdf

Hot test at Rokkasho Reprocessing plant has been started since last year. In addition, construction of the MOX fuel fabrication facility at Rokkasho site is planning. So, the importance of safety evaluation of the nuclear fuel cycle facility is increasing. Under the fire accident, one of the serious postulated accidents in the nuclear fuel cycle facility, the equipments (glove-box, ventilation system, ventilation filters etc.) for the confinement of the radioactive materials within the facility could be damaged by a large amount of heat and smoke released from the combustion source. Therefore, the fundamental data and models calculating for the amount of heat and smoke released from the combustion source under such accident are important for the safety evaluation of the facility. In JAERI, the study focused on the evaluation of amount of heat and smoke released from the combustion source is planning. In this paper, the outline of experimental apparatus, measurement items and evaluation terms are described.

JAEA Reports

The Possible role of reduced-moderation water reactors and its sensitivity to fuel recycling conditions

Tatematsu, Kenji; Sato, Osamu

JAERI-Research 2004-024, 35 Pages, 2005/01

JAERI-Research-2004-024.pdf:9.97MB

Many scenarios were defined for future development of nuclear power generation and fuel cycle systems in Japan. These scenarios were quantitatively analyzed from the viewpoint of plutonium recycling, natural uranium consumption, stock of spent fuel, etc. Following findings were obtained from the analysis. RMWRs will contribute to control the uranium consumption at certain finite levels if net conversion ratio (CR) is kept higher than 1.0. However, since RMWRs do not have an excellent breeding performance in comparison with FBRs, their effect is very sensitive to the conditions on fuel recycling processes. Judging from the results of analysis using a RMWR design with gross CR 1.06, it would be necessary for RMWRs to have net CR 1.04 in order to replace enriched uranium fuelled LWRs by around the year 2200, and thereby to keep ultimate natural uranium consumption at rather low levels. This can be achieved by controlling fuel duration time outside reactors to shorter than 4 years or 6 years, when total loss of plutonium during the processes of recycling is 1.0% or 0.2%, respectively.

Journal Articles

Design of the ITER tritium plant, confinement and detritiation facilities

Yoshida, Hiroshi; Glugla, M.*; Hayashi, Takumi; Lsser, R.*; Murdoch, D.*; Nishi, Masataka; Haange, R.*

Fusion Engineering and Design, 61-62, p.513 - 523, 2002/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00105-9

Times Cited Count：28 Percentile：84.11(Nuclear Science & Technology)

ITER tritium plant is composed of tokamak fuel cycle systems, tritium confinement and detritation systems. The tokamak fuel cycle systems, composed of various tritium sumsystems such as vacuum vessel cleaning gas processing, tokamak exhaust processing, hydrogen isotope separation, fuel storage, mixing and delivery, and external tritium receiving and long-term storage, has been designed to meet not only ITER operation scenarios but safety requirements (minimization of equipment tritium inventory and reduction of environmental tritium release at different off-normal events and accident scenarios). Multiple confinement design was employed because tritium easily permeates through metals (at 150 $^{circ}$ C) and plastics (at ambient temperature) and mixed with moisture in room air. That is, tritium process equipment and piping are designed to be the primary confinement barrier, and the process equipments (tritium inventory 1 g) are surrounded by the secondary confinement barrier such as a glovebox. Tritium process rooms, which contains these facilities, form the tertiary confinement barrier, and equipped with emergency isolation valves in the heating ventillation and air conditioning ducts as well as atmosphere detritiation systems. This confinement approach has been applied to tokamak building, tritium building, and hotcell and radwaste building.